Medicine Is War: The Martial Metaphor in Victorian Literature and CultureMedicine is most often understood through the metaphor of war. We encounter phrases such as the war against the coronavirus, the front lines of the Ebola crisis, a new weapon against antibiotic resistance, or the immune system fights cancer without considering their assumptions, implications, and history. But there is nothing natural about this language. It does not have to be, nor has it always been, the way to understand the relationship between