Optical Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) InterferometryOptical interference plays a prominent role in scientific discovery and modern technology. Historically, optical interference was instrumental in establishing the wave nature of light. Nowadays, optical interference continues to be of great importance in areas such as spectroscopy and metrology. Thus far, the physical optics literature has discussed the interference of optical waves with the same single frequency (i. e., homodyne interference) and the